what makes glutathione s transferase transferases as mediators of signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and cell death Overexpression of Glutathione S-Transferases in

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Nature Reviews Cancer (2008) 9

doi: 10.1529/biophysj.108.133736, PMID: [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 101

To date, the pathogenesis of UC remains unclear

H + Anion + NaHCO 3 Na + Anion + H 2 O + CO 2 With the accumulation of pyroglutamic acid in the setting of a low capacity 5-oxiprolinase to metabolize pyroglutamic acid into glutamate, there will be an overwhelmed enzyme unable to maintain a balance between production and conversion, thus gradually building-up levels of oxoproline/pyroglutamic acid (Figure 2)

However, elevated concentrations of primary bile acids exacerbate epithelial cytotoxicity and colitis severity (128), revealing a concentration-dependent paradox in bile acid signaling