Decreased stomach acid Atrophic gastritis Autoimmune pernicious anaemia Helicobacter pylori Gastrectomy, partial or complete Gastric bypass surgery (weight loss) Intestinal resection Partial or complete ileectomy Gastrointestinal neoplasms Malnutrition Eating disorders anorexia bulimia Inadequate diet Vegetarianism / veganism Malabsorption syndromes Alcoholism Crohns disease Coeliac disease (gluten enteropathy) Dipphyllobothrium infection blind loop syndrome diverticulosis inflammatory bowel disease small bowel overgrowth tropical sprue gastric irradiation ileal irradiation (bladder,cervix, uterus,prostate) Inborn errors of B12 metabolism Transcobalamin II deficiency Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency & Chronic pancreatitis Imerslund Gresbeck syndrome Zollinger Ellison Syndrome Bacterial overgrowth (small bowel) Fish tapeworm Advanced liver disease Drug induced causes Please note
Conversely, vitamin B12 injection allergies can be attributed to various components other than the vitamin itself, with reactions potentially resulting from additives like benzyl alcohol and preservatives such as aluminum and phenylcarbinol, as well as potential inactive ingredients which can vary depending on factors, such as the formulation and brand of the vitamin B12 injection
However, increasing oral supplement doses (within safe limits) while awaiting medical review is generally considered safe, as B12 has very low toxicity and excess is excreted through the kidneys
Convert excessive or wildly fluctuating upstream pressure to a constant predetermined downstream pressure
The four subcutaneous areas that work best are the lower abdomen, the outer thigh, the back of the upper arm, and the flank or love-handle area
Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant that assists in detoxification and cellular repair, while vitamin C injections help strengthen immunity and improve overall resilience
