l carnitine tmao nature medicine 2013 koeth JCI γ–Butyrobetaine is a pro-atherogenic intermediate

Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC Dietary Fatty Acids Modulate Gut Microbiota Derived Trimethylamine N Oxide: Potential Mechanisms and Future Perspective Gut Microbiome Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N Oxide Induces Aortic Stiffening and Increases Systolic Blood Pressure With Aging in Mice and Humans Hypertension Characterization of TMAO productivity from carnitine challenge facilitates personalized nutrition and microbiome signatures discovery Microbiome Springer Nature Link Trimethylamine Trimethylamine N Oxide as a Key Between Diet and Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular Toxicology Springer Nature Link The gutbrain axis and trimethylamine N oxide: an emergent biomarker in neurological diseases ScienceDirect

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